A Powerful Way to
Understand People
An introduction of the
DISC concept
By Robert A. Rohm,
Ph.D.
“If I understand you, and you understand me, doesn’t it make sense that we can work more effectively together?”
Each Person has a Unique Personality
Each person's
perspective is built in to who they are. Some people call it personality. Some
refer to it as temperament. I
am sure that some of your family and friends are VERY different from you. If you are like me, you
have often asked yourself, "Why did they do that?" or "What were
they thinking?" or
"What were they NOT thinking?"
The starting point of
understanding people is to realize and accept the fact:
Everyone is not like
you!
Have you ever said
something to one person, and received a certain response, then said exactly the same thing to another
person, and received a totally different response? The basic reason they respond differently is
that people have different personality styles! You said the same thing, but what they
"heard" was not the same. Wow, can that be confusing!
Different is not bad,
it's just different! A lack of understanding of ourselves and others can lead to real problems such
as tension, disappointment, hurt feelings, unmet expectations and poor communication. As you
know, it is hard to work with a problem, especially if you do not understand what is going on
inside the mind of another person.
Here is the Good News
There IS a way to
understand people – if you know the model of human behavior! There is a simple key to understanding
how people behave and how they are motivated. This key will allow you to unlock the mystery of
motivation. It will teach you the power of good relationships! It will also
show you how to reduce
conflict, improve productivity and relate with others in ways that are more effective.
A Little Background
Twenty-four hundred
years ago, scientists and philosophers, most notably Hippocrates, began to recognize differences
in behavior that seemed to follow a pattern. Many psychologists and scientists have explored
behavioral patterns over the years. In 1928 Dr. William Marston wrote The
Emotions of Normal People after earning his doctorate
from Harvard University. Marston theorized that people are motivated by four
intrinsic drives that direct behavioral patterns. He then used four descriptive characteristics
represented by four letters to describe a person's behavioral tendencies. The
letters he used were D, I, S
and C. Since that time, the "DISC" concept has been used and applied
in many ways.
Building on a "Wellness"
Model
Many behavioral models
focus on what is wrong with a person to identify "disorders." The
DISC model is based on normal
behavior, not abnormal behavior. DISC is a "wellness model" that is objective and
descriptive rather than subjective and judgmental.
The DISC wellness
model is a good starting point for understanding people, but, as you might
guess, DISC can easily be
used inappropriately to label someone or point out another person's "weaknesses."
We approach the DISC model with two perspectives that allow it to be used appropriately as an
effective and encouraging tool for understanding others:
We use a POSITIVE
approach to highlight STRENGTHS.
(we believe your
strengths should "carry you")
We use a POSITIVE
approach to address BLIND-SPOTS.
(we believe your
blind-spots should "concern you")
The bottom line is
that healthy, positive relationships come from having an accurate, healthy, constructive view of
yourself and others. So, now that you know
where the DISC concept came from and the importance of having a positive, realistic approach,
let's take a look at the Model of Human Behavior using the DISC overview.
The Model of Human
Behavior
The model of human
behavior is based on 2 foundational observations about how people normally behave:
Observation #1: Some
people are more outgoing, while others are more reserved.
You can think of this
as each person's "internal motor." Some people always seem ready to "go" and
"dive in." They engage their motor quickly. Others tend to engage
their motor more slowly or more
cautiously.
Observation # 2: Some
people are more task-oriented, while others are more people-oriented.
You can think of this
as each person's compass that guides them. Some people are focused on getting something
done; others are more tuned-in to the people around them and their feelings. With both
observations, we want to emphasize that these behavioral tendencies are neither
right or wrong or good or bad.
They are just different. We are simply identifying normal behavior styles. People have different
styles, and that is okay. We represent these 2 observations in the diagrams below.
Thus, we have 4
behavioral tendencies to help us characterize people:
• Outgoing
• Reserved
• Task-oriented
• People-oriented
Everyone has some of
all 4 of these tendencies at different times and in different situations. However, most people
typically have 1 or 2 of these tendencies that seem to fit them well in their everyday
behavior. And, on the other hand, 1 or 2 of these tendencies usually do not fit them well, and these
tendencies may even seem "foreign" to their approach to life. The
balance of these 4 tendencies
shapes the way each person "sees" life and those around them.
Describing Each
Personality Style
(4 Different Types - 4
Different Priorities)
The Dominant
"D" type - An outgoing, task-oriented individual will be focused on getting
things done, accomplishing
tasks, getting to the bottom line as quickly as possible and MAKING IT HAPPEN! (The key insight in
developing a relationship with this type person is RESPECT and RESULTS.)
The Inspiring
"I" type - An outgoing, people-oriented individual loves to interact,
socialize and have fun. This person
is focused on what others may think of him or her. (The key insight in developing a
relationship with this type person is ADMIRATION and RECOGNITION.)
The Supportive
"S" type - A reserved, people-oriented individual will enjoy relationships, helping or supporting
other people and working together as a team. (The key insight in developing a relationship with this
person is FRIENDLINESS and SINCERE APPRECIATION.)
The Cautious
"C" type - A reserved, task-oriented individual will seek value,
consistency and quality information.
This person focuses on being correct and accurate. (The key insight in developing a
relationship with this individual is TRUST and INTEGRITY.) To summarize the DISC
Model of Human Behavior (in clockwise order) :
D stands for the DOMINANT Type which is OUTGOING
and TASK-ORIENTED.
I stands for the INSPIRING Type which is OUTGOING
and PEOPLE-ORIENTED.
S stands for the SUPPORTIVE Type which is RESERVED
and PEOPLE-ORIENTED.
C stands for the CAUTIOUS Type which is RESERVED
and TASK-ORIENTED.
What Is Your PQ?
We spend years in
school developing our intelligence to effectively use our mind. Developing our unique personality to
effectively use our behavior is just as vital to successful living. Your Intelligence Quotient,
or IQ, measures your intelligence. Your Personality Quotient, or PQ, refers to your ability to
understand yourself and others for effective communication and teamwork.
Studies have shown that
technical skill, beginning with intelligence and developed through education
and experience, accounts
for only 15% of success in the workplace. The other 85% of workplace success comes from people
skills! These skills are developed through learning better ways to behave and interact.
The Elevator Test:
Which Type Are You?
The elevator doors are
about to close on an eager rider who is trying to get on the elevator. Four people
are already inside the elevator. One of the people in the crowded box is in a hurry and does not
want to wait (outgoing and task-oriented). There is also a bubbly, energetic passenger who holds
the door open while greeting the newcomer (outgoing and people-oriented). A third rider is happy
either way and smiles while waiting patiently (reserved and people-oriented). The final passenger is
concerned as she calculates the weight to see if the elevator can handle another person
(reserved and task-oriented). While not perfectly
scientific, this scenario depicts in broad brush strokes the Dominant (outgoing/task-oriented)
person who is focused on getting somewhere fast; the Inspiring (outgoing and people-oriented)
person who is energized by all the interaction; the Supportive (reserved/people-oriented)
person who reacts calmly and tries to get along regardless; and the Cautious (reserved/task-oriented)
person who wants to make sure the added person doesn’t exceed the weight limit! As you can see, there
were four different people who responded to the same event in four very different ways!
You Are Off To A Good
Start!
One of the dangers of learning
about DISC is that you may think you already understand all there is to know about it now.
Did you know there are not just 4 personality styles? We identify 41 specific personality blends
that they are all very different. Even within the 41 blends, there can be a
wide variety of nuances.
The Next Step Is …
There are 4 basic
steps in learning how to work with other people. Learn about the
1. Learn about the
Model of Human Behavior
2. Take a personality
profile assessment to learn about yourself.
3. Study material that
teaches you how to read the personality of another person
4. Study material that
teaches you how to adapt YOURSELF to work better with others.